As a by-product in wastewater treatment, sludge requires stabilisation before it can be reused. After stabilisation processes – such as anaerobic or aerobic digestion, composting, thermal or chemical treatment, or a combination of those – sludge is called biosolids. Biosolids are rich in nutrients, organic matter, and water that are essential for soil and plants, and are a valuable resource if applied to land for agriculture, forestry, landscaping, and land rehabilitation. However, biosolids can also produce gaseous emissions that have negative impact to the environment, climate and community if not properly managed. Currently there is a lack of data on gaseous emissions from biosolids when applied to land, which can increase fugitive emissions and potential contamination, and reduce benefits and acceptance. My research aims to understand and improve land application of biosolids by minimising gaseous emission impacts.